STUDIU DE FEZABILITATE CU PRIVIRE LA O METODA MOLECULARA DE UTILIZARE A ADN-ULUI FUNGIC PENTRU DETECTAREA INCIPIENTA A CIUPERCILOR DE PUTREGAI LA STALPII DE UTILITATE PUBLICA

Alba ZAREMSKI
Researcher, PhD - UR 39 " genetique forestiere ", CIRAD BIOS TA A-39/C
Adresa: Campus International de Baillarguet, F-34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
Tel: +33 4 67 59 39 61. Fax: +33 4 67 59 37 32.
E-mail: alba.zaremski@cirad.fr

Louis GASTONGUAY
Researcher - Institut de Recherche d'Hydro-Quebec, Sciences des materiaux
Adresa: 1800 Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Quebec, Canada, J3X 1S1

Denise LESSARD-DEZIEL
Researcher - Institut de Recherche d'Hydro-Quebec, Sciences des materiaux
Adresa: 1800 Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Quebec, Canada, J3X 1S1

Michel ROBITAILLE
Researcher - Institut de Recherche d'Hydro-Quebec, Sciences des materiaux
Adresa: 1800 Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Quebec, Canada, J3X 1S1

Clemence CHAINTREUIL
Researcher - Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Mediterraneennes, UMR 113 Adresa: CIRAD/INRA/IRD/Agro-M/UM2) TA 10/J, F-34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France

Yves PRIN
Researcher - Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Mediterraneennes, UMR 113 Adresa: CIRAD/INRA/IRD/Agro-M/UM2) TA 10/J, F-34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France

Jean-Marc BOUVET
Heat of Researcher Unit, PhD - UR 39 " genetique forestiere ", CIRAD BIOS TA A-39/C
Adresa: Campus International de Baillarguet, F-34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France

Rezumat:
La ora actuala nu exista un test rapid si sigur pentru detectarea ciupercilor in lemn. Datorita extinderii problemelor cauzate de aceste microorganisme in industria lemnului, este necesar sa se gaseasca un test rapid, usor de utilizat, specific, cu o limita de detectie propriu-zisa scazuta si cu potential de automatizare.
O tehnica dezvoltata in laboratoarele noastre combina toate calitatile necesare: 1) permite amplificarea specifica a secventei de ADN genomic fungic prin PCR; 2) combina sensibilitatea si siguranta PCR cu utilizarea unei baze de date internationale de secvente nucleice.
Aceasta metoda de detectare moleculara a ciupercii este utilizata in mod uzual in laboratoarele CIRAD pentru a identifica ciupercile de putregai alb si brun din constructii si din lemnul pentru constructii.
Metoda de detectare moleculara a ciupercilor, deja utilizata in laboratoarele noastre, a fost aplicata pe epruvete din lemn prelevate din stalpi de diverse clase de varsta, din reteaua de distributie Hydro Quebec din Canada..

Cuvinte cheie: stalpi din lemn, degradare, metoda moleculara, ADN fungic.

BIBLIOGRAFIE
ALTSCHUL, S.F., MADDEN, T.L., SCHAFFER, A.A., ZHANG, J., ZHANG, Z., MILLER, W. and LIPMAN, D.J. (1997). Gapped BLASTn and PSI-BLASTn: A New Generation Of Protein Database Search Programs. Nucleic Acids Research, 25 : 3389-402.
GARDES, M. and BRUNS, T. (1993). ITS Primers With Enhanced Specificity for Basidiomycetes - Application To The Identification Of Mycorrhizae And Rusts. Molecular Ecology, 2 : 113-118.
LE QUERE (2002). Modification of the method developed by Wöstemeyer in 1985.
MULLIS, K.B. and FALOONA F.A. (1987). Specific Synthesis Of DNA In Vitro Via A Polymerase-Catalized Chain Reaction. Methods Enzymol. 155:335-350.
WHITE, T.J., BRUNS, T., LEE, S. and TAYLOR, J. (1990). Amplification And Direct Sequencing Of Fungal Ribosomal RNA Genes For Phylogenetics. In: PCR Protocols: A Guide To Methods And Applications, (eds.) Innis M.A., Gelfand D.H., Sninsky J.J. and White T.J. Academic Press Inc., San Diego, California, 315-322.
ZAREMSKI, A., DUCOUSSO, M., PRIN, Y. and FOUQUET, D. (1998). Characterization Of Tropical Wood-Decaying Fungi By RFLP Analysis Of PCR Amplified rDNA. Int. Res. Group, Wood Preserv. Doc. Nr. IRG/WP/10251, 10 p.
ZAREMSKI, A., DUCOUSSO, M., DOMERGUE, O., FARDOUX, J., RANGIN, C., FOUQUET, D., JOLY, H., SALES, C., DREYFUS, B., PRIN, Y. (2005). In Situ Molecular Detection Of Some White-Rot And Brown-Rot Basidiomycetes Infecting Temperate And Tropical Woods. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 35: 1256-1260.